Which of the following best describes compensating controls?

Compensating controls are alternative measures implemented to mitigate risk when the primary controls are insufficient or inadequate. Specifically, they address deficiencies in other controls by providing an additional layer of security or alternative solution to safeguard sensitive information or ensure compliance with security standards.

For example, if a specific access control mechanism is ineffective or cannot be implemented due to technical or logistical reasons, an organization might use a compensating control such as additional monitoring or auditing procedures to ensure that the level of security required is achieved. This is vital in a security framework where maintaining robust security measures is crucial.

In contrast, the other options present different focuses. Measures that replace lost assets do not pertain to security controls per se and do not function as mitigations for control deficiencies. Strategies for employee training focus specifically on personnel awareness and skills rather than addressing control weaknesses directly. Lastly, standard risk assessments and evaluations are part of the overall security management process, but they do not actively function as controls themselves. Instead, they help identify areas where compensating controls may be necessary.