What is an authorization boundary?

An authorization boundary is fundamentally defined as the scope of an information system concerning authorization decisions. It delineates the specific components, data, and processes that fall under the governance of particular security controls and risk management measures. By clearly identifying this boundary, organizations can effectively ensure that all elements within it are subject to the appropriate security requirements, assessments, and authorizations.

Understanding the authorization boundary is critical in the context of security assessments. It helps in defining what is considered 'in-scope' for security controls. This includes determining which information systems, applications, and associated hardware and software are being assessed for risk and compliance. By establishing this boundary, organizations can more effectively apply policies and practices consistent with their security posture and regulatory requirements. This clarity helps in managing security risks effectively and ensuring that responsible parties have the appropriate authority and accountability for the information system.

The other options relate to different concepts within data management and security but do not accurately capture what an authorization boundary is or its significance in information security.