What factors affect the frequency of security assessments?

The frequency of security assessments is influenced by a variety of critical factors that ensure effective management and mitigation of security risks. One primary factor is system changes and new vulnerabilities. When systems are modified, updated, or when new technologies are implemented, these alterations can introduce risks that need to be assessed to safeguard the organization against potential threats. Additionally, as new vulnerabilities are discovered—often revealed through research, threat intelligence, or security incidents—it's vital to evaluate their impact on existing systems and processes.

Organizational policies and regulatory requirements are another significant consideration. Organizations often establish their own security policies that dictate how frequently assessments should be conducted, which can be influenced by internal risk management strategies or compliance mandates. Furthermore, regulatory requirements from standards and frameworks, such as HIPAA, PCI DSS, or NIST, can set specific guidelines on assessment frequency to ensure that organizations remain compliant with legal and industry standards.

Thus, the correct answer highlights that both system changes and new vulnerabilities, alongside organizational policies and regulatory requirements, work together to determine how often security assessments need to be conducted. This multifaceted approach ensures that organizations are adapting to both their internal updates and the external threat landscape effectively.